Topographic maps are important in geology because they portray the surface of the earth in detail. When you know how to read contour lines, you can look at them on a topographic map and visualize the mountains, plains, ridges, or valleys that they portrays. The contour lines reveal the shape of the land in the vertical direction, allowing the 3-dimensional shape of the land to be portrayed on a 2-dimensional sheet of paper or computer screen. Most topographic maps make use of contour lines to depict elevations above sea level. Geological Survey portray the grids that are used on deeds to identify the location of real estate, so homeowners and property owners sometimes find it useful to refer to topographic maps of their area. The topographic maps drawn and published by the U. Topographic maps are also used by hikers, planners who make decisions on zoning and construction permits, government agencies involved in land use planning and hazard assessments, and civil engineers. Topographic maps show the three-dimensional shape of the land and features on the surface of the earth. A topographic map (like the one in figure 1) is one type of map used by geologists.
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